Breathing Openings principle
Lessons from Saimaa Ringed Seal
Keep the ice open.
Lake-Ice Hole Keeping
Core lesson
Tiny openings can keep life alive through a frozen world.
Biological basis
Saimaa Ringed Seals live in freshwater Lake Saimaa and maintain breathing holes in ice, also using snow and ice lairs for breeding.
Best use cases
Where this lesson tends to be most useful in practice.
SurvivalSmall openingsIce lifePersistenceFreshwater refuge